Social Welfare
Argentina Asignacion Universal por Hijo (Universal Child Allowance)
Argentina Asignación Universal por Hijo (AUH) is a conditional cash transfer program providing monthly payments to families with children under 18 whose parents are unemployed, work in the informal economy, or earn below the minimum wage, serving as one of the most important social protection programs in Latin America and reaching approximately 4 million children.
Austria Familienbeihilfe (Family Allowance)
Austria Familienbeihilfe is a universal, tax-free monthly family allowance paid to parents or guardians for each child from birth until age 18 (or up to age 24 for students and those in vocational training), funded through employer contributions to the Family Burden Equalisation Fund (Familienlastenausgleichsfonds/FLAF) and representing the cornerstone of Austrian family policy.
Brazil Bolsa Família
Brazil's flagship conditional cash transfer program providing monthly financial assistance to low-income families, reaching over 21 million households. Beneficiaries receive a minimum of R$600 per month, with additional supplements based on family composition, in exchange for meeting education and health conditionalities.
Brazil SUS (Sistema Único de Saúde) Universal Healthcare System
Brazil's Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) is the largest government-run public healthcare system in the world, providing completely free medical services—from primary care and emergency treatment to organ transplants and HIV/AIDS therapy—to approximately 220 million people. Established by Federal Law 8.080 of 1990 and grounded in Article 196 of the 1988 Brazilian Constitution, SUS guarantees universal, integral, and equitable healthcare to every person on Brazilian soil, including foreigners, with no premiums, co-pays, or enrollment fees.
Denmark Boerne- og Ungeydelse (Child and Youth Benefit)
Denmark's universal quarterly cash benefit paid automatically to families with children from birth through age 17, with amounts varying by the child's age group, requiring no application for most Danish residents and administered tax-free by Udbetaling Danmark.
Finland Kela General Housing Allowance (Yleinen Asumistuki)
Finland Kela General Housing Allowance (Yleinen asumistuki) is a monthly benefit administered by the Social Insurance Institution of Finland (Kela) that helps low- and moderate-income residents cover their housing costs, available to renters, owner-occupiers, and right-of-occupancy housing residents across Finland.
France RSA (Revenu de Solidarite Active)
France's guaranteed minimum income program providing monthly financial support to individuals and families with little or no income, ensuring a basic standard of living while encouraging workforce participation through personalized integration contracts.
Germany Kindergeld (Child Benefit)
Kindergeld is Germany's universal child benefit, providing €250 per child per month to families residing in the country, supporting the cost of raising children from birth through age 18 or up to 25 if the child is in education or vocational training.
Italy Assegno Unico Universale (Universal Single Allowance)
Italy's universal monthly allowance for families with dependent children from the 7th month of pregnancy through age 21, replacing multiple prior child-related benefits into a single simplified payment administered by INPS, with amounts scaled by household income (ISEE) and number of children.
Japan Jidō Teate (児童手当) Child Allowance
Japan's universal child allowance program provides monthly cash payments of ¥10,000–¥30,000 per child from birth through high school, now available to all families regardless of income following the landmark October 2024 reform that eliminated income caps and extended coverage to age 18 as part of the national response to Japan's declining birthrate crisis.